[Battery evolution: lithium batteries are a trend]

How did lithium batteries evolve? Why are lithium batteries so popular with consumers?

● the birth of batteries

Batteries were born based on the need to obtain a constant and steady current. The idea for the battery, however, came from an experiment by the Italian anatomist galvani with a frog. Galvani believes that the phenomenon in the experiment is due to an electricity produced inside the animal's body, which he calls "bioelectricity."

● first battery -- "volt reactor"

Galvani's discovery aroused great interest among physicists. In 1799, volt immersed a sheet of zinc and a sheet of silver in salt water and discovered that electricity was flowing through the wires connecting the two metals. Therefore, he successfully made the world's first battery "volt reactor" through many experiments.

● wet and dry batteries

In 1887, the Englishman helleson invented the first dry battery. Compared with the liquid battery, the electrolyte of the dry battery is paste, no leakage, easy to carry, so it has been widely used. However, in the process of continuous development of dry cell technology, new problems appear. It has been found that dry batteries, despite their ease of use and low cost, are useless and cannot be reused. Then, can pass many times charge discharge cycle, the battery that USES repeatedly becomes new direction.

Low battery

In 1890, Edison invented a rechargeable iron-nickel battery, and rechargeable iron-nickel battery was commercially produced in 1910. Today, the types of rechargeable batteries are more and more diverse, from the earliest lead battery, lead crystal battery, to iron and nickel battery and silver and zinc battery, to lead acid battery, solar cell and lithium battery and so on.

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With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the use of lead, cadmium and other toxic metals is increasingly limited, so it is necessary to find new rechargeable batteries to replace traditional lead-acid batteries and nickel-cadmium batteries. Lithium-ion batteries are a natural candidate.

Major advantages of lithium battery:

1. It's high energy. It has a high energy storage density, which has reached 460-600wh /kg, about 6-7 times that of lead-acid batteries.

2. Long service life, the service life can reach more than 6 years. The battery 1C (100%DOD) with lithium ferrous phosphate as the positive electrode has a record of 10,000 times.

3. The rated voltage is high (single working voltage is 3.7v or 3.2v), which is equal to the series voltage of three nickel-cadmium or nickel-hydrogen rechargeable batteries, which is convenient to form a battery power supply group. Lithium-ion batteries can be adapted for use in small appliances by using a new type of lithium-ion battery voltage regulator, which can be adjusted to 3.0v.

4. It has a high power bearing capacity, among which the ferrous phosphate lithium ion battery used in electric vehicles can reach the charge and discharge capacity of 15-30c, which is convenient for high-strength start-up and acceleration.

5. The self-discharge rate is very low, which is one of the most prominent advantages of the battery. Generally, it can be less than 1%/ month, less than 1/20 of the nickel metal hydride battery.

6. Light weight, the weight of the same volume is about 1/6-1/5 of the lead acid products;

7. High and low temperature adaptability, can be used in -20℃- 60℃ environment, after processing, can be used in -45℃ environment;

8. Green environmental protection, regardless of production, use and scrap, do not contain, do not produce any lead, mercury, cadmium and other toxic and harmful heavy metal elements and substances.

9. Production does not need to consume water basically, for our country that lacks water, very advantageous.